Abstract:

Deterministic self-rostering (DSR) did not fully consider the difference in employees’ preferences on shift, which reduced the labor efficiency. In order to solve this problem, the concept of probabilistic shift was introduced, and a model of probabilistic self-rostering (PSR) was established with minimum labor cost as the goal. With a general distribution of employee preferences, it was proved that when the probability value of probabilistic shift was 0.5, PSR had the lowest labor cost. Besides, the problem of setting salaries for each shift when the employment strategy was changed from DSR to PSR was analyzed, and the source of labor cost advantage of PSR was discussed. In addition, the correctness of the conclusion was verified when the employee’s preference is in a specific uniform distribution. Moreover, the scientific nature of PSR in practical application was analyzed through example experiment.

Key words: probabilistic shift, probabilistic self-rostering, deterministic self-rostering

摘要：

确定型自选班次（DSR）没有充分考虑员工对班次偏好的差异程度，降低了用工效益。为了解决该问题，引入概率班次的概念，提出了以最小用工成本为目标的概率型自选班次（PSR）用工模型。讨论了员工偏好为一般性分布情形下，概率值为0.5时，PSR的用工成本最低，分析了当单位用工策略由DSR改革为PSR时，各班次如何制定工价的问题；同时，探讨了PSR用工成本优势的来源。在员工偏好为具体的均匀分布情形下，验证了上述结论的正确性。最后，通过算例实验分析了PSR在实际应用中的科学性。

关键词: 概率班次, 概率型自选班次, 确定型自选班次