关键词: 应急储备, 应急物资采购, 双向期权契约, 供应链协调

Abstract:

Emergency supplies have the characteristics of large demand and high demand uncertainty. In the process of reserve, it is easy to have insufficient or excessive reserves. This problem is more prominent in the process of emergency material reserve with a short shelf life, which aggravates the capital pressure of the reserve subject. According to the characteristics of bidirectional option contract, this paper introduces bidirectional option contract into the procurement process of emergency supplies, and designs a procurement model of emergency supplies based on the bidirectional option contract under the condition of considering the probability of emergency. In addition, it analyzes the optimal reserve decision of the purchaser, and derives the parameters of supply chain coordination. By comparing with the wholesale price procurement model and the call option procurement model, it is found that the bidirectional option procurement model can reduce both the shortage risk and the shelf life risk of the government. Finally, it gives a numerical example to show that the option premium is positively correlated with the purchaser’s cost and supplier’s profit, and obtains the properties of the put option reserves and the call option reserves.

Key words: emergency reserve, emergency supplies procurement, bidirectional option contract, supply chain coordination