Abstract: As one of the hot issues concerned by the management science, although the research literature on the relationship between absorptive capacity and enterprise innovation is increasing, the research conclusions are always different. Thus, the absorption capacity is divided into the input of the absorption knowledge base and the absorption process of the three dimensions. Based on the exploration of the potential moderating effect on the relationship between absorptive capacity and enterprise innovation by taking cultural differences and enterprise types as situational factors and measurement methods as measurement factors, a more general research conclusion was obtained based on the meta-analysis of 104 empirical literatures, 162 effect values, and 44441 independent samples. It is found that there is a significant medium correlation between absorptive capacity and enterprise innovation. Besides, the three dimensions of absorptive capacity have a significant promoting effect on enterprise innovation, of which the dimension of absorptive process has a stronger promoting effect on enterprise innovation than the dimension of absorptive input and knowledge base. In addition, compared with foreign enterprises, the absorptive capacity of domestic enterprises in the Chinese context has a greater impact on enterprise innovation. Moreover, industry type is an important regulating variable of the relationship between absorption capacity and enterprise innovation. The absorption input and absorption process of high-tech enterprises have a greater impact on enterprise innovation, while the absorption knowledge base of non-high-tech enterprises has a greater impact on enterprise innovation. Compared with non-scale data, scale data has a greater impact on the absorptive capacity and enterprise innovation. This paper can provide scientific decision basis for enterprises to efficiently conduct innovation activities.

Key words: absorptive capacity, enterprise innovation, meta-analysis, moderating effect

摘要： 在将企业吸收能力划分为吸收投入、知识基础及吸收过程3个维度，将文化差异、企业类型和测量方法作为两者的潜在调节变量，探究吸收能力对企业创新影响的基础上，基于104篇实证文献、162个效应值、45 441个独立样本的Meta分析，得出了更具普适性的研究结论。研究发现：首先，吸收能力与企业创新之间具有显著的中等相关关系，同时，吸收能力的3个维度对企业创新均具有显著的促进作用，其中吸收过程维度对企业创新的促进作用强于吸收投入和知识基础维度；其次，相较于国外企业，中国情境下（文化差异）的国内企业吸收能力对企业创新的影响更大，行业类型作为吸收能力对企业创新影响的重要调节变量，其中，高新技术企业的吸收投入和吸收过程对企业创新的影响更大，而非高新技术企业的吸收知识基础对企业创新的影响更大；最后，相较于非量表数据而言，量表数据对吸收能力与企业创新的影响更大。本文的研究结论能够为企业充分利用各类外部知识高效开展创新活动提供科学的决策参考依据。

关键词: 吸收能力, 企业创新, Meta分析, 调节效应