关键词: 电力供应链, 碳配额, 区块链, 低碳投资

Abstract: Under the dual background of carbon quota mechanism and blockchain technology, this paper addresses the issue of low-carbon investment strategies in the power supply chain. It develops a two-tier electricity supply chain model consisting of a power generator and a power retailer, capturing four scenarios based on whether blockchain technology is adopted and whether the grandfathering or benchmarking allocation mechanism is used. With a Stackelberg game theory framework and using backward induction, it yields the following findings: Regardless of whether blockchain technology is adopted, the level of low-carbon investment, electricity demand, and retailer profits are always higher under the benchmarking mechanism compared to the grandfathering mechanism. Under any carbon quota mechanism, when the cost of applying blockchain technology is relatively low, adopting blockchain leads to higher levels of low-carbon investment, greater electricity demand, and increased profits for both the generator and the retailer compared to scenarios without blockchain adoption. Moreover, low-carbon investment and the profits of supply chain enterprises increase with consumers’ green trust and environmental preferences, and decrease as the costs of low-carbon technology investment and blockchain application rise.

Key words: electricity supply chain, carbon quota, blockchain technology, carbon reduction investment