Journal of Systems & Management ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (5): 1295-1304.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2097-4558.2025.05.008

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Vehicle Scheduling Problem of Instant Delivery Considering Customer Order Cancellations

WANG Zheng, XUE Guiqin, WANG Yixue   

  1. School of Maritime Economics and Management, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116025, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2023-07-14 Revised:2024-01-03 Online:2025-09-28 Published:2025-10-16

考虑顾客取消订单的即时配送车辆调度问题

王征,薛桂琴,王艺雪   

  1. 大连海事大学 航运经济与管理学院,辽宁 大连,116025
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(72371047);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(24YJC630259)

Abstract: In instant delivery, the uncertain order cancellation behavior is a critical factor that disrupts vehicle scheduling. Different customers may have different order cancellation patterns, and delivery vehicles need to perform multiple trips to process batch orders, which can be formulated as a multi-trip vehicle routing problem. To address this issue, a mathematical programming model is developed with the objective of maximizing expected profit, utilizing probability distribution to measure different order cancellations. An adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm is designed based on problem characteristics to solve the model. Finally, algorithm performance testing and sensitivity analysis are conducted using adapted instances constructed from the Solomon benchmark case set and real-case data from a large chain restaurant in Dalian, China. The results indicate that profitability is higher when customer order cancellations follow a sinusoidal distribution compared to linear and discrete distributions.

Key words: instant delivery, order cancellation, vehicle scheduling, adaptive large neighborhood search

摘要: 在即时配送服务中,订单取消行为是干扰车辆调度的关键因素。由于不同顾客可能呈现差异化的订单取消模式,配送车辆通常需要执行多趟运输任务以完成批量订单配送,该问题本质上属于多行程车辆路径问题范畴。针对这一问题,本文采用概率分布描述顾客的订单取消行为,构建以期望盈利值最大化为目标的数学规划模型,并结合问题特征设计了自适应大邻域搜索算法进行求解。最后,基于Solomon基准测试集改编的算例以及大连某大型连锁餐饮企业的实际运营数据,开展了算法性能测试与敏感性分析。实验结果表明,当顾客订单取行为消服从正弦函数分布时,企业所能获得的盈利值显著高于线性分布与离散分布情形。

关键词: 即时配送, 订单取消, 车辆调度, 自适应大邻域搜索算法

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