Abstract: Blockchain technology provides technical support to address the high carbon emissions of supply chain enterprises and the low consumer recognition of remanufactured products. This paper studies the impact of blockchain technology on the pricing and emission reduction decisions in a remanufacturing supply chain consisting of an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and a third-party remanufacturer (TPR) under the carbon trading policy. It constructs four decision-making models: both OEM and TPR do not apply blockchain, OEM applies blockchain but TPR does not, OEM does not apply blockchain but TPR does, and both members apply blockchain. It determines the optimal pricing and emission reduction decisions under each model using the Stackelberg game method. It compares and analyzes the optimal operational decisions for supply chain members across the four models. The results indicate that only OEM’s own adoption of blockchain technology can stimulate investment in emission reduction. When OEM (TPR) does not apply blockchain technology but the TPR (OEM) does, or vice versa, the price of new products (remanufactured products) increases, resulting in a decline in sales of new products (remanufactured products). The decision to adopt blockchain technology is directly related to the input cost of applying the technology. The numerical simulation indicates that when TPR (OEM) adopts blockchain technology and the application cost is high, a higher carbon trading price will encourage the OEM (TPR) to apply blockchain technology. Additionally, when the OEM does not apply blockchain technology, but the TPR does, it benefits environmental protection.

Key words: remanufacturing supply chain, blockchain technology, carbon trading, pricing decisions, environmental analysis

摘要： 区块链为解决供应链企业碳排放高和消费者对再制造品的认可度低等问题提供了技术支持。针对由原始设备制造商（OEM）和第三方再制造商（TPR）组成的再制造供应链，在碳交易政策下研究区块链技术对再制造供应链定价与减排决策的影响。构建OEM和TPR均不应用、OEM应用而TPR不应用、OEM不应用而TPR应用以及两个成员均应用区块链4种决策模型，运用Stackelberg博弈方法，求解了4种模型下的最优定价与减排决策，并对比分析了4种模型下再制造供应链成员的最优决策。研究表明：仅OEM应用区块链技术更能激励企业减排投资；OEM（TPR）不应用而TPR（OEM）应用区块链技术会提高新产品（再制造品）价格，从而导致新产品（再制造品）销量下降；企业是否应用区块链技术与应用该技术的投入成本有直接关系。数值仿真表明：只有当TPR（OEM）应用区块链技术且成本投入较大时，较高的碳交易价格才会促使OEM（TPR）应用区块链技术；OEM不应用而TPR应用区块链技术更有利于环境保护。

关键词: 再制造供应链, 区块链技术, 碳交易政策, 定价决策, 环境分析