Abstract:

In order to study the effects of government environmental subsidy on the performance of green supply chain, this paper, assuming that consumers have green preferences, establishes and solves three subsidy modes (no subsidy (NSC), subsidy to the local manufacturer (SCX), and subsidy to the FDI manufacturer (SCY)). Comparative studies and a numerical simulation show that government environmental subsidy has no fundamental difference in terms of the effect on the manufacturers. Government environmental subsidy can increase the green degree and demand of the product affected by the subsidy directly while it can be counterproductive to another product regardless of the ownership of the enterprise. Subsidies to FDI firms with lower green manufacturing costs can have more obvious spillover and crowding-out effects than subsidies to local firms with higher green manufacturing costs. The degree of competition between two manufacturers could amplify the effect of the above government environmental subsidy, but could not change it. The manufacturer’s profit is the highest in the direct subsidy mode and lowest when the government subsidizes the competitor. As far as retailer and the whole supply chain are concerned, their profits are highest in the SCY mode, followed by the SCX mode, and government subsidy have positive effects on channel profits of supply chain only when the intensity of subsidy is smaller.

Key words: green supply chain, government environmental subsidy, competition between enterprises of diferent ownership, Stackelberg game

摘要： 为了探究本土和FDI不同所有制生产型企业竞争下政府环境补贴模式对供应链绩效的影响，假定消费者存在环境创新偏好，分别建立了3种环境补贴模式（无补贴、补贴本土生产型企业、补贴FDI生产型企业）下两阶段供应链竞争模型，并进行了优化求解。通过对3种模式下的均衡结果比较分析，结合数值仿真表明：政府对FDI生产型企业和本土生产型企业进行环境补贴时对各企业的影响无本质差别，受到政府环境补贴的生产型企业均会提高其受补贴产品的环境创新度和需求量，但会降低竞争产品的环境创新度和市场需求量；补贴给绿色制造成本较低的FDI企业能产生比补贴给绿色制造成本较高本土企业更明显的溢出效应和挤出效应。两生产型企业之间的竞争程度能扩大政府环境补贴的以上效应，但不能改变这种效应；就利润而言，生产型企业均在受补贴模式下最高，补贴竞争者模式时最低；零售商和供应链均在补贴FDI生产型企业模式下达到最高，其次是补贴本土生产型企业模式；政府环境补贴只有在补贴力度较小时才能对供应链自身渠道利润产生正向作用。

关键词: 绿色供应链, 政府环境补贴, 不同所有制企业竞争, Stackelberg博弈