Abstract:

Creation, protection, and application are important links in the enterprise patent ecological system, and accelerating the transformation of market value is the key measure to promote the closed-loop development of the enterprise patent ecological system. In view of the reality of a large domestic technology market but a lack of high-quality patents, the key to improving the transformation level of enterprise patent market value is to discover the patent with a high market value and identify the patent with a low market value, so as to avoid problems such as difficulty in pledging, financing, and transaction caused by difficult evaluation in the subsequent transformation process from the source. However, enhancing the visibility of the market value of patent greatly depends on enterprise information disclosure strategies, promotion of science and technology intermediary institutions, investment willingness of financial institutions and government regulatory policies. Therefore, from the perspective of the patent ecological system, this paper, by constructing a four-party game model of government, enterprise, science and technology intermediaries, and financial institutions, studies the evolutionary relationship and equilibrium stability strategy of four-party game, and analyzes the key factors affecting the strategy selection of each entity through Matlab simulation. The results show that there are equilibrium and stability strategies in the four-party game system, in which the enterprise and the government are the decisive forces to determine the evolution of the game system. The influencing degree of each entity on other’s initial strategy selection shows an obvious asymmetry. When the strategy choice, evolution speed, and maintenance time of each entity change with the change of strategy implementation cost, only enterprises and governments are more sensitive to the change of information disclosure benefits. Government regulation plays an important role in guiding and correcting the strategic choice of different game entities, especially the strategic patent information disclosure behavior of enterprises. Based on the perspective of the four-party evolutionary game of the discovery and transformation of patent market value, this paper enriches and expands the content and methodology of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and has a strong practical significance for guiding the government to inspire the ecological entities of patent to engage in the coordinated action of the transformation of patent market value.

Key words: transformation of patent market value, discovery of patent market value, four-party evolutionary game, government-enterprise-finance-intermediary synergy

摘要：

创造、保护、运用是企业专利生态体系的重要环节，而加快市场价值转化是促进企业专利生态闭环发展的关键举措。鉴于国内技术市场庞大但优质专利缺乏的现实背景，提升企业专利市场价值转化水平的关键是发现高市场价值专利和识别低市场价值专利，从源头上规避后续转化过程中因评估难导致的质押难、融资难、交易难等问题，而增强专利市场价值可见性则极大依赖于企业信息披露策略、科技中介机构推广、金融机构投资意愿以及政府监管政策。基于专利生态系统视角，构建政府-企业-科技中介机构-金融机构四方博弈模型，探究四方博弈演化关系和均衡稳定策略，并通过Matlab仿真模拟廓清影响各博弈主体策略选择的关键因素。研究结果表明：四方主体博弈系统存在均衡稳定策略，其中企业和政府是决定博弈系统演化的决定力量；各主体对彼此初始策略选择的影响程度体现出显著的不对称性特征；当各主体策略选择、演化速度与维持时间均随策略执行成本的变化而变动时，仅企业和政府对信息披露收益变化的反应更敏感；政府规制对不同博弈主体的策略选择具有重要的引导及纠偏作用，尤其是企业的策略性专利信息公开行为。研究从专利市场价值发现与转化四方演化博弈视角出发，丰富和拓展了科技成果转化研究与方法论，并对指导政府如何引导专利生态系统各主体从事专利市场价值转化协同行动具有较强的现实意义。

关键词: 专利市场价值转化, 专利市场价值发现, 四方演化博弈, 政企金介协同