Abstract: The application of blockchain technology can realize traceability of carbon footprints and improve consumer trust in corporate carbon emission data, through it requires significant investment. Focusing on a two-tier supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer, this paper explores the operational strategies of supply chain members in different scenarios, regarding whether or not to adopt blockchain technology, and analyzes its impact. The findings show that when demand is heavily sensitive to carbon reduction levels, the manufacturer’s misreporting does not negatively affect the retailer. However, when demand is less sensitive to carbon reduction, the manufacturer’s misreporting of carbon reduction levels harms the retailer’s profits, giving the retailer an incentive to invest in blockchain technology. After adopting blockchain, the manufacturer’s actual carbon reduction levels tend to be higher than when misreporting is possible. When blockchain investment costs are relatively low, both the manufacturer and the retailer can achieve higher profits. Additionally, penalty mechanisms can partially deter the manufacturer’s misreporting. However, excessively high penalties may lead to reduced motivation for carbon reduction, ultimately lowering the overall level of emission reductions.

Key words: blockchain technology, carbon trading policy, carbon emission reduction level, carbon misreporting

摘要： 区块链技术的应用能够实现对碳足迹的追踪，并增强消费者对企业碳排放信息的信任，但其应用需要投入较高的成本。本文针对由单个制造商与零售商构成的双层供应链，探讨了不同情境下供应链成员是否选择应用区块链技术的运营策略，并分析了该技术对供应链的影响。研究结果表明，当需求受碳减排水平影响较大时，制造商谎减排报行为不会对零售商产生不利影响；而当需求受碳减排水平影响较小时，制造商的谎报行为会损害零售商利润，此时零售商有动力投资区块链技术。在应用区块链技术后，制造商碳减排水平通常高于谎报时的水平。当区块链投资成本较低时，制造商与零售商均能获得更高利润。此外，罚罚成本在一定程度上能够抑制制造商的谎报行为，但过高的惩罚可能导致制造商减排积极性下降，反而降低碳减排水平。

关键词: 区块链技术, 碳交易政策, 碳减排水平, 碳谎报行为