Abstract:

Studying the relationship between talent scale and enterprise innovation has an important reference value for the government to reasonably guide high-level labor factors to flow to enterprises and make enterprise innovative development. Based on the absorptive capacity theory and “Williamson” hypothesis, this paper finds that the high-level labor factor scale has a three-stage impact on enterprise innovation. The empirical analysis shows that the innovation of high-level labor factors in Chinese enterprises has a staged “breakpoint” feature, and is more inclined to the “breakpoint” feature indicated by the absorptive capacity theory. High-level labor factors flow to foreign enterprises, enterprises in eastern region and enterprises in industries with small innovation gap is more likely to make the high-level labor factor scale in enterprises break through the “breakpoint” value indicated by the absorptive capacity theory, which is beneficial for enterprise innovation. On the one hand, the government should introduce appropriate talent policies to guide the transfer of high-level labor factors from enterprises of phase III to enterprises of phase II. On the other hand, the government should implement appropriate industrial policies to build an innovation structure with a small innovation gap within the industry, create an ecological environment with fierce innovation competition, and guide high-level labor factors to flow to enterprise clusters with a small innovation gap for making enterprises innovative development.

Key words: high-level labor factor, enterprise innovation, absorptive capacity theory, “Williamson” hypothesis, two-stage least squares (2SLS) model

摘要：

研究高级劳动力要素的规模效应对政府制定合宜的人才政策、合理引导高级劳动力要素向企业集聚并促进企业创新具有重要的参考价值。结合吸收能力理论和“威廉姆森”假说，提出高级劳动力要素规模效应对企业创新存在I、II、III三阶段的“断点”特征。实证表明，中国企业高级劳动力要素创新存在阶段性“断点特征”，并且更偏向吸收能力理论所指示的“断点”特征。高级劳动力要素向非本土、东部以及创新差距较小行业的企业集聚，更有利于企业高级劳动力要素规模突破吸收能力理论所指示的“断点”值并促进企业创新。政府一方面可出台合宜的人才政策引导III阶段企业的高级劳动力要素向II阶段企业转移，另一方面可实施合宜的产业政策促使产业内部形成企业创新差距较小的创新结构，以激发企业创新活力。

关键词:

高级劳动力要素, 企业创新, 吸收能力理论, “威廉姆森”假说, 两阶段最小二乘法