Abstract: In recent years, with the emergence of female entrepreneurship, the study of female entrepreneurs’social cognitive traits has gradually attracted attention. Based on the social cognitive theory (SCT) perspective, this study focuses on the female entrepreneurs as the research object, four cognitive traits (i.e., entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial passion, grit, and self-control) as cognitive factors. opportunity recognition as a behavioral factor, Guanxi network and gender discrimination as environmental factors, thus builds the ternary interaction model of “cognition-behavior-environment” This study explores the complex relationship between female entrepreneurs’ social cognitive traits and new ventures’ performance. The results show that female entrepreneurs’ social cognitive traits (entrepreneurial self-efficacy, entrepreneurial passion, grit and self-control) have positive impacts on the new ventures’ performance. Opportunity recognition plays a mediating role in this relationship. The environmental factors-Guanxi network and gender discrimination moderate the mediating role of opportunity recognition in the relationship between female entrepreneurs’social cognitive traits and new ventures’ performance. This study takes the research path of “female entrepreneurs’ social cognitive traits-opportunity recognition-new venturds, performance” to explore the internal mechanism of the transformation of female entrepreneurs, social cogniive traits into female entrepreneurs, ehavior, and further influence the new ventures, performance. And through he introduction of the Guanxi network and gender discrimination, this study helps to understand the role of environmental factors in the relationship between female entrepreneurs, social cogntion and action path.

Key words: female entrepreneurs, social cognitive traits, opportunity recognition, Guanxi networks, gender discrimination

摘要： 近年来,随着女性创业力量的崛起, 有关女性创业者的社会认知特征研究逐渐引起关注。基于社会认知理论(Social Cognitive Theory,SCT) ,以女性创业者为研究对象,将创业自我效能、创业激情、坚毅和自我控制4种认知特征作为认知因素,机会识别作为行为因素, 关系网络和性别歧视作为环境因素, 构建了一个“认知-行为-环境”三元交互模型, 系统探究女性创业者社会认知特征与新创企业绩效之间的复杂关系。研究结果表明: 女性创业者社会认知特征(创业自我效能、创业激情、坚毅、自我控制) 对新创企业绩效具有正向影响; 机会识别在女性创业者社会认知特征和新创企业绩效关系之间发挥中介作用, 且关系网络和性别歧视两个环境因素调节该中介作用。本研究以女性创业者“社会认知特征-机会识别-新创企业绩效”为研究路径, 探究女性创业者社会认知向行为转化并进一步影响新创企业绩效的内部机理, 并且通过引入关系网络和性别歧视, 拓展了环境因素作用于女性创业者社会认知和行动的路径。

关键词: 女性创业者, 社会认知特征, 机会识别, 关系网络, 性别歧视